1、 Material selection of building model clay and oil mud

黏土作为一种矿物材料，具有极大的粘合性及可塑性，在建筑模型中能发挥出其他质料无可替代的效果，例如一些曲线较多的建筑及景象。但作为土壤之一，它同时也存在着含沙量高、水份蒸发后易龟裂、保存周期较短等缺陷。

Clay, as a kind of mineral material, has great adhesiveness and plasticity. It can play an irreplaceable effect in building model, such as some buildings and scenes with more curves. However, as one of the soils, it also has some defects, such as high sediment content, easy to crack after evaporation of water, short storage period and so on.

油泥的可塑性相较于黏土有过之而不及，在常温下，它的质地较为坚硬详尽，适合作为模型中需求精雕细琢部分的原材料。对于温度的敏感度，令其软化后可作为修补与塑形的材料。

Compared with clay, the plasticity of oil mud is inferior. At room temperature, its texture is relatively hard and detailed, which is suitable for the raw material of the refined part in the model. For temperature sensitivity, it can be used as repair and molding materials after softening.

​二、建筑模型选材——石膏、塑料

 

2、 Building model material: Gypsum and plastic

 

相较于黏土和油泥，石膏具有保存周期长、易于加工的特色，其隔热、隔音、防火功能也反常优异，是制作建筑模型的优良选材，而且方便于模型的展现。

 

Compared with clay and oil mud, gypsum has the characteristics of long preservation period and easy processing, and its heat insulation, sound insulation and fire protection functions are also abnormally excellent. It is an excellent material for building model making, and it is convenient for model presentation.

 

塑料有多种类型，不同类型的塑料其性质也不尽相同，例如：工程塑料具有极强的抗压、耐腐耐蚀、防潮功能，但其熔点较低；有机玻璃塑料具有较好的透光性且色彩鲜艳，但质量偏轻……模型制作中的选材需求具体情况具体分析，发挥各种质料的优势。

 

There are many types of plastics, and different types of plastics have different properties. For example, engineering plastics have very strong compression resistance, corrosion resistance and moisture-proof functions, but their melting point is low; plexiglass plastics have good light transmittance and bright colors, but the quality is light The material selection needs in the model making are analyzed in detail to give full play to the advantages of various materials.

 

三、建筑模型选材——木质、金属

 

3、 Material selection of building model -- wood and metal

 

在制作建筑模型时，通常会需求用到木质材料，而这种木质多为人工木。通过木材与其他质料的搭配，能使模型上复原项目的预期效果。

 

When making building models, wood materials are usually needed, and this kind of wood is mostly artificial wood. Through the combination of wood and other materials, the model can restore the expected effect of the project to the maximum extent.

 

金属具有优异的强度、刚度及弹性，因而，往往成为模型中一些特别物体的不二选材。在实践运用中，主要以钢铁为加工目标。但因为它的本钱较高，且加工难度较大，挑选使用金属模型的工艺反而较少。

 

Metal has excellent strength, rigidity and elasticity, so it is often the best choice for some special objects in the model. In practice, steel is the main processing target. However, because of its high cost and difficulty in processing, the process of selecting and using metal models is less.